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2011年8月托福考试冲刺:语法试题及答案详解(7

  1. At the time of Columbus' voyages, Native Americans used an astounding diversity of languages, ________ the diversity used by Europeans.

  A. the greatest by far

  B. by far than greater

  C. by far the greatest

  D. greater by far than

  答案:D

  分析:有than就要找到比较级,A,C语义不通;B语序混乱。

  参考译文:哥伦布航海时代,美洲土著居民使用着令人惊异的各种语言,远远超过了欧洲人使用的种类。

  2. During the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920's, much African American writers, artists, and musicians came to Harlem in New York City, creating a cultural center there.

  答案:A muchàmany

  分析:。可数不可数名词修饰词的误用。

  参考译文:1920的Harlem黑人社区复兴活动中,很多美国黑人作家、艺术家和音乐家来到了纽约市Harlem,把那里建设成了一个文化中心。

  3. In Concord, Massachusetts, there is a museum commemorating the life of Louisa May Alcott, the author the nineteenth-century novel Little Women.

  答案:C author the à author of the

  分析:缺定冠词。

  参考译文:马萨诸赛州的Concord有一个纪念19世纪小说《小女人》的作者Louisa May Alcott生平的博物馆。

  4. Lactose, a sugar present in milk, is one of simple sugars used in food preparations for infants.

  答案:C of simpleàof the simple.

  分析: 从后面的sugars可以看出,sugar代表“某一类糖”的时候是可数名词;present这里做形容词“存在的”,前面省略了which is;one of………结构后面应该接特指的范围,必须加the,所以C错。

  参考译文:乳糖,是在牛奶中出现的一种糖,在给婴儿准备的食物中用的一种简单糖类。

  5. Jackson, Michigan, a city who was settled in 1829, was named for Andrew Jackson, the seventh President of the United States.

  答案:B.whoàwhich

  分析:定语从句连词的误用。

  参考译文:密西根首府Jackson,于1829年定址,是以美国第七届总统Andrew Jackson的名字命名的。

  6. Boulder, Colorado, is only city in the United States that derives its water supply from a glacier.

  答案:A.is onlyà is the only

  分析:定冠词使用。

  参考译文:科罗拉多州的Boulder是美国唯一的从一处冰川获得供水的城市。

  7. Construction of first skyscraper began in Chicago in 1883 with the ten-story Home Insurance Building.

  答案:B.of firstàof the first

  分析:定冠词的使用。最高级前加the

  参考译文:最早的高楼建筑1883年出现在芝加哥,是一幢10层的家庭保险大楼。

  8. The Mississippi riverboat, which evolved from simpler steamship of the early 1800's, became the dominant form of passenger transport on the Mississippi River.

  答案: steamshipàsteamships

  分析:单数可数名词不能单独出现。需要注意的是,transport这里作名词,有“运输工具”的意思

  参考译文:密西西比河船,在1800从简单的汽船演变过来,成为密西西比河上重要的旅客交通形式。

  9. Modern stringed instruments comprise both instruments of ancient origin, such as the harp, and the developed recently family of bowed instruments that includes the violin.

  答案:D.developed recentlyàrecently developed

  分析:词序颠倒。

  参考译文:现代弦乐乐器不仅包含有源于古代的乐器,如竖琴,也有最近发展的包括小提琴的弓形乐器。

  10. Stars provided early astronomer with a reference system for measuring the motions of planets, the Moon, and the Sun.

  答案:Aàastronomers

  分析及考点:可数名词单数单独出现,一般都错。

  参考译文:天上的星星给早期天文学家提供了一个参照系统来测量行星、月亮和太阳的移动。

  1. The coal industry is important to every industrial nations because most other industries are directly or indirectly dependent on it.

  答案:A

  分析及考点:同样表示每个,所有,every应该跟名词单数,而nations是复数,应该改成all

  参考译文:煤矿工业对所有国家来说都是重要的,因为大多数其他工业都直接或间接的依赖它。

  2. The brightly colored kingfisher that perches until it sights a fish, then dives into the water to catch its prey.

  答案:B

  分析及考点:先看主谓宾,then连接两个句子。所以that perches实际不成立定语从句,应该把that去掉。

  参考译文:具有光亮颜色的翠鸟栖息在高处,直到它看到鱼,它就会扎进水里把猎物抓住。

  3. Neptune circles the Sun once every 164.8 Earth years, and its day —— one rotation its axis —— is 15.8 hours.

  答案:C rotation around its axis

  分析及考点:C的错误比较明显,B(every)的这种用法应记住,很容易被迷惑。

  参考译文:

  4. Observable comets are occasionally attracted toward the inner Solar System by the fields gravitational of nearby stars and giant molecular clouds.

  答案:C

  分析及考点:次序颠倒。应改为gravitational fields,重力场。

  参考译文:可以观测的的彗星偶尔会受到附近星星和巨大的星云的重力场作用而吸引到太阳系内部来。

  5. A single bacterium has the potential to produce 16 million copies of themselves in a day.

  答案:D

  分析及考点:代词指代问题。A single bacterium的代词要用itself

  参考译文:单个细菌有能力在一天内生产16百万个它自身的复制品。

  6. Atoms are held together by the electrical forces of attraction between each negative electron and a positive protons within the nucleus.

  答案:C

  分析及考点:名词单复数混乱。Protons复数,所以应该把a去掉。

  参考译文:原子核中每一个负电荷电子和一个正电荷质子之间的电的作用力的相互吸引,把原子结合在一起。

  7. The original aim of encyclopedias was to provide a general educational.

  答案:D

  分析及考点:一个词的词性混用。educational 这里应该是名词形式,所以改成education.

  参考译文:百科全书的最初目的是提供普遍的教育。

  8. Icebergs are usually white, blue, or green, even although some are black due to rock material incorporated in them .

  答案:B

  分析及考点:转折连词的用法。只有even though和although,没有 even although 的表述。

  参考译文:冰山一般是白色、蓝色或者绿色的,尽管有些是黑色的,那是因为有岩石材料夹杂在里面。

  9. Both adult ladybugs and their larvae are voracious eaters of aphids, scale insects, and another plant pests.

  答案:D

  分析及考点:another与other混用。表示其他的意思,超过一个应该用other,another表示另一个的意思。

  参考译文:成年瓢虫和他们的幼虫都是极其喜欢吃蚜虫,介壳虫和其他植物害虫。

  10. Early English burlesque often ridiculed celebrated literary works and sentimentally drama.

  答案:D

  分析及考点:词性混用。修饰名词用形容词,所以改成sentimental.Celebrated是独立的形容词,意为著名的

  参考译文:早期的英语滑稽表演通常嘲笑那些著名的文学作品和感人的戏剧。