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托福语法指导-介词及真题要点解析2

  2. 介词用错

  解题要点 介词与后面的名词通常有固定的搭配习惯,或有特定的语意功能,不能随意更换。通常,介词毕有含义,不同的介词会使整个句子表达不同的意思。当A、B、C、D四个选择答案中出现单独划线的介词,应首先考虑它是否使用正确。

  全真例题分析

  (1)Scientists claim that an individual can function from about three days when totally deprived of sleep.
(答案) C from应改用for。表示动作延续的时间应用介词for。

  (2) Canadian scarlet-clad guards and mounties with horseback are part of the summer scenery in Ottawa.
(答案) B with改为on,“骑在马背上”应用介词on表示位置。

  (3) During eclipses of the Sun, the Ojibwa Indians of North America shot flaming arrows inside the sky to rekindle the light.
(答案) C inside改为into,介词into表示的动作性;shot……into the sky。天空无边无沿,不能用介词inside来修饰。

  (4) Wild elephants are almost continuously waving their trunks. Both up in the air and down aside the ground.
(答案) D aside改为on。On the ground 是固定介宾搭配。Ground 没有边沿,无法用aside来修饰。

  (5) Recent studies have shown that air into a house often has higher concentrations of contaminants than heavily polluted air outside.
(答案) A into改为in。Into强调动作,而in表示的是静止的状态。“房间里面的空气”只能用in来表示。

  (6) The early use of a complete steel frame for towering buildings appeared in the first skyscraper, built on Chicago in 1883.
(答案) D built on 改为built in。城市名前面只能用介词in来修饰。