【考法1】n. 放纵： carefree, freedom from constraint

　　【例】added spices to the stew with complete abandon 肆无忌惮地向炖菜裡面加调料

　　【近】unconstraint, uninhibitedness, unrestraint

　　【考法2】v. 放纵：to give (oneself) over unrestrainedly

　　【例】abandon oneself to emotion 感情用事，abandon herself to a life of complete idleness 放纵自己过着閒

　　散的生活

　　【近】indulge, surrender, give up

　　【考法3】v. 放弃：to withdraw from often in the face of danger or encroachment

　　【例】abandon the ship/homes 弃船，离家

　　【反】salvage 救援

　　【考法4】v. 停止做某事：to put an end to (something planned or previously agreed to)

　　【例】the bad weather forced NASA to abandon the launch 坏天气迫使NASA 停止了发射

　　【近】abort, drop, repeal, rescind, revoke, call off

　　【反】keep, continue, maintain, carry on 继续

　　abase

　　【考法1】v. 降低(地位、职位、威望或尊严)：to lower in rank, office, prestige, or esteem

　　【例】was unwilling to abase himself by pleading guilty to a crime that he did not commit 不愿意屈就自己去承

　　认一个莫须有的罪名

　　【近】debauch, degrade, profane, vitiate, discredit, foul, smirch, take down

　　【反】elevate, ennoble, uplift, aggrandize, canonize, deify, exalt 使高贵，使有声望

　　abash

　　【考法1】vt. 使尴尬，使羞愧：to destroy the self-possession or self-confidence of ,disconcert, embarrass

　　【例】Nothing could abash him. 没有什么可以使他感到难堪。

　　【近】discomfit, disconcert, discountenance, faze, fluster, nonplus, mortify

　　【反】embolden使大胆