如果在某一空格的前部或后部出现下述短语结构——a.现在分词短语,b.过去分词短语,c.形容词短语,d.同位语短语,e.介词结构 ,f.动词不定式结构——则所有这些短语结构或是在空格前作预先的铺砌,埋下一处线索,或是在空格后作补充陈述,以示强调。空格的答案均可以同义词的方式从这些短语结构中求取。
a:现在分词短语
例 ⅰ:
at several points in his discussion, graves, in effect, ---------- evidence when it does not support his argument, tailoring it to his needs.
(a) addresses
(b) creates
(c) alters
(d) suppresses
(e) substitutes
〖解答〗
句末的现在分词短语"tailoring it to his needs"在复述空格所代表的那一特定的行为动作,it即指代evidence。空格只需从tailoring求取一同义词即可。答案为(c)。
〖词汇〗
tailor: 1.裁制 2.针对特定目的(或对象)作修改,使适应特定需要
address: 1.对…发表讲话,称呼 2.对付,处理
〖解答〗
在其讨论的某几处,当证据难于为其立论提供依据时,格雷夫斯事实上就对这些证据改弦易辙,将其改头换面以满足其需要。
b:过去分词短语
例 ii:
the self-important cant of musicologists on record jackets often suggests that true appreciation of the music is an ---------- process closed to the uninitiated listeners, however enthusiastic.
(a) unreliable
(b) arcane
(c) arrogant
(d) elementary
(e) intuitive
〖解答〗
如果音乐欣赏正是过去分词短语中所描述的那样,是"closed to the uninitiated listeners"的话,那全然是因为这一过程已变成(b) arcane的缘故。
〖词汇〗
cant: 1.言不由衷之辞 2.黑话 3.行业术语,惯用套语
uninitiated: 1. 未被接纳入会的 2.缺乏某种特定知识和经验的
arcane: 神秘的,晦涩难解的
〖中译〗
唱片套上音乐家们妄自尊大的行话常常表明,真正的音乐欣赏实乃一种秘不可宣的过程,对尚未入门的听众全然封闭,不管他们是何等的热忱。
c:形容词短语
例 ⅲ:
the newborn human infant is not a passive figure, nor an active one, but what might be called an actively --------- one, eagerly attentive as it is to sights and sounds.
(a) adaptive
(b) selective
(c) inquisitive
(d) receptive
(e) intuitive
〖解答〗