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托福阅读考试备考线索词

  线索词类型:

  第一类:代词 eg. this, it, they

  如果要插入的句子中有代词,可是代词所指代的内容又没有出现在句子本身,那么我们就可以根据代词的单复数等性质找到它指代的内容,再插入到该句之后。

  For example:

  Where would the sentence best fit?

  This is a question that has puzzled scientists for ages.

  Extinct but already fully marine cetaceans are known from the fossil record. ■How was the gap between a walking mammal and a swimming whale bridged? ■Missing until recently were fossils clearly intermediate, or transitional, between land mammals and cetaceans. ■Very exciting discoveries have finally allowed scientists to reconstruct the most likely origins of cetaceans. ■In 1979, a team looking for fossils in northern Pakistan found what proved to be the oldest fossil whale.

  看到了this,明显指代的是前文所提到的内容。再根据句子后半部分a question that has puzzled scientists for ages, 了解到this的指代内容原来是个question, 并且是科学难题呀。再看原文的四个插入点,第二个就明显很合适了。

  第二类:名词 eg. 在句子中的形式一般为:this/these/such/another…+名词

  如果句子中的线索词不是第一类的代词,而是以第二类的这种形式出现,那么这个最后的名词就是我们的线索词,童鞋们要对于这个词保持敏感。这个名词一般会在原文已经出现过,我们要找到这个地方,再把句子插入适当的位置。之后要考虑句子插入后是否与插入口后面的句子保持正确的逻辑关系,如果逻辑通顺,就OK啦!

  For example:

  Where would the sentence best fit?

  This economic reliance on livestock in certain regions makes large tracts of land susceptible to overgrazing.

  ■ the raising of livestock is a major economic activity in semiarid lands, where grasses are generally the dominant type of natural vegetation. ■The consequences of an excessive number of livestock grazing in an area are the reduction of the vegetation cover and the trampling and pulverization of the soil. ■This is usually followed by the drying of the soil and accelerated erosion.■

  这里的线索词就是economic reliance,回去原文找根源,第二个插入口前面一句the raise of livestock is a major economic activity…,发现economic reliance就是major economic activity就是同义转换。但是这个时候不要过于着急把句子插进第二个插入口,你想一下啊,有可能作者在说这个topic的时候,有可能用了几个句子来阐述,所以要严谨一些,看看如果插入第二个口,和右边句子的意思是否能衔接。这个例子中,插入句子描写了一个不好的结果—overgrazing,而第二个插入口后一句话就是写了consequences of excessive grazing,因此逻辑上也是通顺的,可以安心地把句子放在第二个插入口啦!