雅思阅读题目出题的本质是三种替换：同义词/词组替换，句型替换，语法替换，笔者将从这三方面根据学生课堂笔记进行分类整理。以下是剑桥真题中的考点词,替换词,一次多义总结：
1.rigid/ stiff/ unchanged/ little change僵硬的，一成不变的
2.significant/enormous/dramatic/tremendous/appreciably/remarkable/crucial/巨大的,明显的，程度大的/substantial
3.approximately将近-nearly, almost
4.proportion/ percentage比例
5.be involved (in)/ involve in/ involvement [n.]涉及，卷入，参与
6.given/ considering , in regard to / despite/ although 有鉴于
考虑到，尽管
6.induce [v]引入，引导，引诱/ inductive [n]归纳>< deduce /deductive推断
7.fortune/ destiny/ chances
8.deplete开采完，耗尽/ exhaust –exhaust emission (尾气)排放/ exploit
9.complex错综复杂的/ complicated/ sophisticated老奸巨滑的，复杂的
10.capacity能力，容量/ competence（竞争）能力/ ability能力（笼统的）
11.确保，保障：Secure-security/ ensure (insure)/ guarantee押金
12.solely/ merely/ only
13.a vast array of系列/ a great variety of花样，品种/ a great rang系列of
14.pesticide杀虫/ suicide自杀/ homicide/ murder杀人
15.believe/ assume (responsibility)/ suppose
16.授权，委托：authorize/ commission佣金/ entitle头衔+ ment =right（权利）
17.purchase/ buy
18. ethnic种族的/ ethic伦理，道德的+ s =[n ]
19. modify/ change [v] shift work轮班工作[n]
20. insight/knowledge/ learning/ understanding/ knowing
21.constrain拘泥，限制/ restrict限制/ limit
22. circumstance环境（社会）/ surroundings/ environment环境（环保）背景background后台/ settings后台，布景/ context上下文（文章中）
23.notorious臭名昭著的/ flagrant臭的><fragrant香的
24.移民：immigrant (进来)/ emigrant(出去)/migrant
25.兴旺，繁荣；prosperous/ thriving/ booming（人口，行业）/flourishing
26.神圣的：divine/ heavenly/ holy/ sacred
27.有毒的：poisonous/ toxic ( in-, non-无毒的)
28.致命的：deadly/ fatal/ lethal/ mortal
29.类似于：look like/ resemble
30. chronic长期的,慢性的—long-term长期的
31.网恋：virtual love/ cyber love
32.网友：on-line /net/ cyber friend
上网（聊天）chat on line/ go on-line cyber café/网吧
33.evolve-evolution进化/ revolute-revolution革命，旋转/ involve-involution卷入，涉及
34. indicator/ predictor表示诠释，预测
35.indicate/ demonstrate/ display/exhibit/betray
36. therapist /expert/ specialist
37.优点，长处，美德：advantage/ merit/ virtue/ length
38. commonest/ frequent
39.未开发的，初级的：rudimentary/ underdeveloped
40.退化：degenerate/ -tion [n] ->generate生产，制造/ degrade ->grade等级/ deteriorate恶化，每况愈下
