托福听力每日一练第25天：
演讲听写训练1：
Okay.Uh...you remember that ive mention that it’s important to read the assigned poems aloud,so you can develp and appreciation of the sounds of the poetry: the rhymes,the rhythm,the repetition of words or sounds,and to get a sense of the interplay between the sounds of the words and their meaning.this is really critical as we move into modern poetry,especially by writers woh place so much importance on sounds that the meaning becomes all etter relevant.like this line by Gertrude Stein that I’d like to quote.listen,listen as i say the words."rose is a rose is a rose is a rose." taken literally this would seems to be an empty statement,one which gives us no information. but the purpose of a poem need not be to infrom the reader of anything, but rather to evoke feelings. to create a sensual as well as phonically pleasing experience. now Gertrude Stein was better known for her prose than for her poems.but i’d like to like to quote this line because of its musicality,and because i think it helps open up our awareness to the unconventionallyricism of contemporary poets.you’ll see this in your homework tongiht as you read the poetryof John Ashbery,especially if you read it out loud,which i recommend you do.poets like ashbery don’t rely so much on any formal rhyme scheme or meter as on the musical quality of the individual words themselves. as i said,Stein was better known for her non-poetical work.and now i’d like to touch briefly on her essay entitled "Converstaion and Explanation".this work deals with her theory of writing and will help to explain some of the things we’ve talking about.
演讲听写训练2：
Listen to a talk in a class about United States history.last week,you recall,we discussed the early development of railroads in the United States.today i want to mention an even earlier form of transportation , one that brought the first European settlers to America. and that’s the wooden sailing ship. from colonial times sailing ships were vital to the economy. many coastal towns depended on fishing or whaling for employment and income. this was especiallytrue in the northeastern states. and there the wood from nearby forests and the skills of local designers and workers also formed the basis of an important shipbuilding industry. but the big profits were to be made on trade with far away places.and since sea captains often became part owners of their ships,they had a strong interest in the commercial success of their voyages.so these Yankees,that’s what US sailor and officers cmae to be called, they carried on a very profitabletrade with other partsof the world.the high pointof this trade came in the mid-19th centurywith the introduction of the clipper ship,the enormous Yankee clippers with huge sails reaching nearly two hundredfeet into sky.he’d carry passengers and cargo from New York around South America to San Francisco in less than three months and clear to China in just half a year.at that time this seemed unbelievalbe fast and efficient.but in the 1860s ,more reliable steam-poweredship began to take over. and soon the important role of sailing ships in the US economy would come to an end.
演讲听写训练3：
Listen to part of a talk in a class on early childhood education.the professor is discussing penmanship: the quality of one’s handwriting. as you prepare to become elementary school teachers,you’ll be hearing a lot of disscussion about the relevance of teaching permanship.now years ago when i was studying education in college,reading writikng and arithmetic were the basics of elementary school education.it went without saying that writing meant first and foremost penmanship.that is,the neatness of a child’s handwriting.back then,penmanship was often taught as a separate subject from the fist grade right up through the sixth grade long after the children had moved from writing in block capital letters to cursive scipt. it was considered so important that sometimes prizes were even awarded for the best handwriting.but when we move ahead a few decades into the 1980s,we see teachers and administrators and even parents telling us that teaching penmanship is waste of time.with computers,they said,children can successfully manipulate the keyboard or mouse of their home computers before they can even hold a pencil. this change in attitude had an impact on the classroom. in your homework for this week you’ll be looking at what statewide curriculum standards in the US say about penmanship.you’ll see that in many states penmanship hasbeen de-emphasized in a required curriculum,especially in the later years of elementary school.in california,for example,the curriculum calls for fourth-grade students to...and i quote,"write fluently and legibly in cursive or grades.but after this,the curriculum makes no further mention of penmanship in grade five,six or beyond,Any higher level of quality or neatness is simply not among the curricular objectives.your assignment is to look at what the curricular standards say for all fifty states say about penmanship.
