要点 这是复合句。主句是you arrive at your final determination.by the help of …… 是介词短语作状语，which引导的定语从句修饰reasoning.if drawn out 是省略句，用作表示条件的状语从句，完整的句子是if the reasoning can be drawn out.翻译时采用顺序法，定语从句采用分句法。syllogism：三段论;演绎推理。 译文 借助于进一步的推理，这种推理如果加以引申，还可表现为其他两三种演绎推理，你便会做出最终决定：“我不吃那个苹果了。” 6. It is quite unnerving not to be able to see or to establish contact with the other person,even though we have learnt to have conversations with people we cannot see,as on the telephone. 要点 这是复合句。主句中 it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语not to be able to see or to establish contact with the other person.在状语从句中as是连词，意思是“正如…一样”，as 后面省去了we have conversations.翻译时采用逆序法，把even though引导的让步状语从句放到句首。unnerving：使人不知所措;使人失去自信。 译文 即使我们适应了像打一样在互相看不见的情况下谈话，这种看不见或接触不到对方的谈话也会使人感到很不自在。 7. Actually we know of no type of astronomical body in which the conditions can be favorable to life except planets like our own revolving round a sun. 要点 这是复合句。in which引导定语从句，修饰astronomical body.介词except引起的短语作状语。在介词短语like our own后面省略了planet.revolving为现在分词短语作定语，修饰our own planet.翻译时根据汉语习惯，将状语提前译出。 译文 事实上，除了像地球这样围绕太阳旋转的行星以外，我们不知道是否在其他类型的天体上也有适合生命存在的条件。 8. The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers. 要点 这是主从复合句。其主句的谓语动词是had less to do with…… than……，意为“主要与…有关，而不是与…有关”，因为句子结构比较清晰，省略了句子的并列部分，如在had less to do with the mechanization of housework and (with)an increase in leisure time省略了with;在……than it did with their own economic necessity and ( it did )with high marriage rates省略了it did.句中that引导的定语从句修饰high marriage rates.翻译时采用融合法，把重要的部分放在句首。 译文 20世纪已婚女性走出家门参加工作人数的增加主要是因为她们自己的经济需要，还与高结婚率使可参加工作的单身女工人数减少有关，而与家务机械化、妇女空闲时间增多关系不大。 9. The European Union is an imperfect creature,with some of its actions based on fine principles of political economy and some on poor ones. |
