在雅思考试当中，有一类题目最让考生摸不着头脑。这类“像雾像雨又像风”的题目总称抽象类题，话题主要集中在一些价值形态的考查上。那么对于任何带有“定向不明”的敏感词的题目，我们考生可以采取的杀手锏就是“下定义”法，即化抽象为具体。今天就拿两种例题分别来实验一下定义法，看是不是让你顿时拨开云雾见青天了。
总的来说，抽象题也分两种，第一种是完全抽象。所谓“完全抽象”，即整个题目都看似飘渺，这种题目给人思维发散的空间比较大。如一道大作文题：
Some people think young people should be free to choose his or her job,but other people think they should be realistic and think more about their future. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
对于这道题，我们首先可以想一下“Free to chose”是指怎样随心所欲?这种选择往往是基于自己的兴趣爱好或是起薪，也或者是工作条件。那么第一个论点的解释就出来了：The youngsters' occupational choice always lies in their own interest, initial payment or work conditions like company locations.
第二个论点说应该多考虑一下“future”，其中包括工作长久稳定或者是可以获得一个长远的自我提升：The permanence of career or the self-cultivation opportunity has also been taken into consideration by some job seekers. There is a case in China that working in the government means being a civil servant forever without worrying about losing job.
定义完了两种观点的明确意思，那么在分别的主体段就可以充分来论证这种选择对自己是不是更有利。
第二种抽象题为暗藏抽象。典型例题是剑8当中test1的大作文题：
Some people think that parents should teach children how to be good members of society. Others, however, believe that school is the place to learn this. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
很多人可能忙着去讨论老师和家长的重要性了，为何不停下笔来，来注意一下“good member of society” 这个暗藏的抽象名词呢?
范文里考官的定义是：In order to be a good member of any society the individual must respect and obey the rules of their community and share their values. 首先在主体段第一句话表明自己对社会好成员的三个特性的理解，接着可以很形象地来论述这些品德是怎样在家庭或学校中学到的。
类似的有一道真题：
The qualities a person needs to become truly successful in today's world cannot be learned in university or similar academic institutions. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
拿到这道题，先不要急着去辩证在学校里都获得了些什么。那么想一下成功需要的品质都包含什么。假如说我们也从三个方面来定义，那么可以说是勤奋，创新和竞争合作意识：
The factors contributing to great achievement have never been associated with the qualifications merely, what matters includes the virtue of diligence, creativeness and the sense of cooperation and competition.
接下来就可以尽情讨论这些品质是否能从大学机构获得了。
综上，“下定义”是为了大事化小，小事化为笔下生花。结构上可以使思路更清晰，语言上可以使文章更立体丰满。所以，考生如果能巧妙使用定义法，那么变最难缠的题型为最喜欢的题型也就手到擒来了。
