O

         placebo      N. 安慰剂 harmless substance prescribed as a dummy pill.
          fiasco      N. 彻底失败 total failure.
          fresco      N. 壁画 painting on plaster (usually fresh).
         bravado      N. 虚张声势 swagger; assumed air of defiance.
        innuendo      N. 暗示，旁侧敲击；暗讽；讽刺，冷嘲热讽 hint; insinuation.
           cameo      N. 贝壳上的浮雕；特写（演员） shell or jewel carved in relief; star's special appearance in a minor role in a film.
     archipelago      N. 群岛 group of closely located islands.
         vertigo      N. 晕眩 severe dizziness.
         embargo      N. 禁运 ban on commerce or other activity.
           forgo      V. 放弃 give up; do without.
        scenario      N. 情节；剧本大纲；（电影、歌剧）剧本 plot outline; screenplay; opera libretto.
      peccadillo      N. 轻罪，轻微冒犯 slight offense.
           tempo      N. 节奏，乐曲的速度 speed of music.
            tyro      N. 新手 beginner; novice.
        virtuoso      N. 艺术品鉴赏家 highly skilled artist.
           torso      N. 未完成的；残缺的 trunk of statue with head and limbs missing; human trunk.
        cater to      V. 迎合 supply something desired (whether good or bad).
        staccato    ADJ. 断奏；断唱 played in an abrupt manner; marked by abrupt sharp sound.
           canto      N. （长诗的）分篇 division of a long poem.
         memento      N. 有象征意义的物品；纪念品 token; reminder.
       manifesto      N. 声明 declaration; statement of policy.
           gusto      N. 爱好，嗜好；喜欢 enjoyment; enthusiasm.
        libretto      N. 歌词，剧本（舞剧，歌剧的） text of an opera.
           salvo      N. 解除武装；敬礼；保留条款 discharge of firearms; military salute.
          arroyo      N. 干枯的河床 gully.

P

          mishap      N. 意外，灾难 accident.
             lap      V. 舔食，泼溅 take in food or drink with one's tongue; splash gently.
             sap      V. 减少；破坏 diminish; undermine.
            seep      V. 渗出；渗漏 ooze; trickle.
           steep      V. 浸泡，弄湿；陡坡；悬崖 soak; saturate.
  apprenticeship      N. 学徒身份 time spent as a novice learning a trade from a skilled worker.
            Clip      N. 剪辑 section of filmed material.
             nip      V. 夹，捏；剪断；阻止 stop something's growth or development; snip off; bite; make numb with cold.
        outstrip      V. 超过 surpass; outdo.
            quip      N. 嘲弄；讽刺 taunt.
           whelp      N. 幼兽 young wolf, dog, tiger, etc.
           scamp      N. 流氓，无赖 rascal.
            ramp      N. 斜面；斜坡 slope; inclined plane.
           skimp      V. 节约的使用 provide scantily; live very economically.
           primp      V. 打扮 groom oneself with care; adorn oneself.
           Clump      N. 一块，一团；沉重的脚步声；草丛，灌木丛 cluster or close group (of bushes, trees); mass; sound of heavy treading.
             fop      N. 花花公子；过分注意衣着的男人 dandy; man excessively concerned with his clothes.
           usurp      V. 篡取 seize another's power or rank.
           clasp      N. 扣合；紧密合作 fastening device; firm grip.

R

           shear      V. 剪；修剪 cut or clip (hair, fleece); strip of something.
        forswear      V. 放弃 renounce; abandon.
         stellar    ADJ. 星体的；恒星的 pertaining to the stars.
      vernacular      N. 母语；本国；本来的东西 living language; natural style.
        oracular    ADJ. 神一样的；谜一样的；超自然的，无法理解的 prophetic; uttered as if with divine authority; mysterious or ambiguous.
         secular    ADJ. 世俗的；现世的；永久的 worldly; not pertaining to church matters; temporal.
       avuncular    ADJ. 像伯父（叔叔）一样的 like an uncle.
         jocular    ADJ. 诙谐的 said or done in jest.
         angular    ADJ. 有尖角的，瘦骨嶙峋的 sharp-cornered; stiff in manner.
        singular    ADJ. 奇的；独一无二的 unique; extraordinary; odd.
         titular    ADJ. 有名无实的 nominal holding of title without obligations.
           lunar    ADJ. 月亮的 pertaining to the moon.
          jabber      V. 快速的说，含混不清的说 chatter rapidly or unintelligibly.
         caliber      N. 能力；品质 ability; quality.
         clamber      V. 爬 climb by crawling.
       dismember      V. 分解，肢解 cut into small parts.
          limber    ADJ. 柔韧的；可塑的 flexible.
          somber    ADJ. 阴森的；昏暗的；抑郁的 gloomy; depressing; dark; drab.
        encumber      V. 拖累，负担 burden.
          lumber      V. 笨重的往前走 move heavily or clumsily.
          fodder      N. 粗饲料；饲养 coarse food for cattle, horses, etc.
       embroider      V. 镶边，绣花；添油加醋 decorate with needlework; ornament with fancy or fictitious details.
           rider      N. 附文；扶手 amendment or clause added to a legislative bill.
         smolder      V. 闷烧；随时准备爆发 burn without flame; be liable to break out at any moment.
          solder      V. 焊接 repair or make whole by using a metal alloy.
         meander      V. 弯曲；蜿蜒 wind or turn in its course.
        colander      N. 过滤器 utensil with perforated bottom used for straining.
         slander      N. 诽谤 defamation; utterance of false and malicious statements.
          pander      V. 低级趣味的；拉皮条 cater to the low desires of others.
        squander      V. 浪费 waste.
        engender      V. 产生，导致 cause; produce.
          render      V. 呈递；开账单；给予；还以，报以；放弃，投降投降或交出；放弃；描写以文字形式表现，描绘；以图像或绘画表现；演奏，诠释；翻译；正式宣布；裁决；使成为；熔解，精炼；打底 deliver; provide; represent.
          tender      V. 提供；扩充 offer; extend.
       rejoinder      N. 反驳；回应 retort; comeback; reply.
         blunder      N. 错误 error.
         founder      V. 完全失败；沉默 fail completely; sink.
         founder      N. 创办人 person who establishes (an organization, business).
        flounder      V. 挣扎，辗转；困难地奋斗 struggle and thrash about; proceed clumsily or falter.
          sunder      V. 分裂 separate; part.
         asunder    ADV. 分裂，分开 into parts; apart.
          larder      N. 食品室；储藏室 pantry; place where food is kept.
      commandeer      V. 征用，招募 to draft for military purposes; to take for public use.
           sheer    ADJ. 纯粹的,，绝对的；透明的；峻峭的；避开，躲避；偏航，避开 very thin or transparent; very steep; absolute.
       buccaneer      N. 海盗 pirate.
          veneer      N. 薄板；外表 thin layer; cover.
        domineer      V. 暴力压制 rule over tyrannically.
            veer      V. 转向 change in direction.
           defer      V. 推迟，延期 delay till later; exempt temporarily.
           defer      V. 听从 give in respectfully; submit.
           defer    缓招 making plans until they hear from their draft boards. During the Vietnam War, many young men, hoping to be deferred, requested student deferments.
           infer      V. 推导，总结 deduce; conclude.
          meager    ADJ. 瘦的；贫乏的，不足的 scanty; inadequate.
          badger      V. 激怒，纠缠 pester; annoy.
         swagger      V. 大摇大摆；自大 behave arrogantly or pompously; strut or walk proudly.
         trigger      V. 引起；触发；扳机 set off.
       harbinger      N. 先驱 forerunner.
          linger      V. 逗留；闲逛；流连 loiter or dawdle; continue or persist.
          merger      N. 合并；吞并 combination (of two business corporations).
   lexicographer      N. 字典编纂者 compiler of a dictionary.
    cartographer      N. 制图者，制地图的人 map-maker.
          cipher      N. 密码 secret code.
          cipher      N. 不重要的人或物 nonentity; worthless person or thing.
        decipher      V. 破译，解密 interpret secret code.
        encipher      V. 编码 encode; convert a message into code.
         weather      V. 侵蚀；风化 endure the effects of weather or other forces.
          tether      V. 用绳子绑；范围 tie with a rope.
         slither      V. 滑动 slip or slide.
          wither      V. 凋谢；枯萎 shrivel; decay.
        cavalier    ADJ. 随便；傲慢 offhand or casual; haughty.
         dossier      N. 档案，资料 file of documents on a subject.
          bicker      V. 争吵 quarrel.
         snicker      N. 窃笑 half-stifled laugh.
        swindler      N. 骗子 cheat.
         heckler      N. 质问者 person who harasses others.
          tiller      N. 舵柄；农夫 handle used to move boat's rudder (to steer).
         shimmer      V. 微光 glimmer intermittently.
         glimmer      V. 闪烁 shine erratically; twinkle.
        misnomer      N. 错误的名字；写错名字；用词不当 wrong name; incorrect designation.
          dormer      N. 天窗 window projecting from roof.
          tanner      N. 皮革工人；6便士 person who turns animal hides into leather.
    practitioner      N. 从业者 someone engaged in a profession (law, medicine).
          garner      V. 收集，储存 gather; store up.
          reaper      N. 收割者；收割机 one who harvests grain.

         sleeper      N. 睡眠；卧铺；枕木；冬眠的动物 something originally of little value or importance that in time becomes very valuable.
           viper      N. 蝰蛇 poisonous snake.
          hamper      V. 阻挡，牵制，妨碍 obstruct.
          temper      V. 中和；回火；调剂；锻炼 moderate; tone down or restrain; toughen (steel).
          simper      V. 痴笑；傻笑 smirk; smile affectedly.
      interloper      N. 闯入者；干涉者 intruder; unwanted meddler.
          dapper    ADJ. 整齐的，优雅的 neat and trim.
         clapper      N. 铃舌，钟舌 striker (tongue) of a bell.
          pauper      N. 叫花子；非常可怜的人 very poor person.
     philanderer      N. 调情；轻佻的人 faithless lover; flirt.
      malingerer      N. 装病的人；假病号 one who feigns illness to escape duty.
        barterer      N. 交易商 trader.
    amphitheater      N. 椭圆形的剧院，斗兽场 oval building with tiers of seats.
       perimeter      N. 周长 outer boundary.
         arbiter      N. 仲裁者 a person with power to decide a dispute; judge.
          loiter      V. 闲逛；徘徊 hang around; linger.
          falter      V. 犹豫；踌躇 hesitate.
          welter      N. 翻滚；挣扎；骚乱；搅乱 turmoil; bewildering jumble.
         swelter      V. 闷热；中暑 be oppressed by heat.
          canter      N. 慢跑 slow gallop.
           inter      V. 埋 bury.
        disinter      V. 挖出，出土 dig up; unearth.
         saunter      V. 漫步；闲逛 stroll slowly.
          fester      V. 使溃烂，化脓 rankle; produce irritation or resentment.
       sequester      V. 隐退；隔离 isolate; retire from public life; segregate; seclude.
        sinister    ADJ. 邪恶的 evil.
        cloister      N. 修道院 monastery or convent.
         bolster      V. 支持，增援 support; reinforce.
         holster      N. 手枪套 pistol case.
          foster      V. 养育，培养；鼓励 rear; encourage.
          roster      N. 列表 list.
      filibuster      V. （发表长篇演讲来）阻挠法案通过 to block legislation by making long speeches.
          luster      N. 光泽；光彩 shine; gloss.
         bluster      V. 咆哮；吓唬 blow in heavy gusts; threaten emptily; bully.
         fluster      V. 使混乱，使迷惑 confuse.
      lackluster    ADJ. 暗淡的，无光的；单调的 dull.
          muster      V. 收集；集合 gather; assemble.
         shyster      N. 讼棍；政界的奸诈之徒 lawyer using questionable methods.
          fetter      V. 羁绊 shackle.
        unfetter      V. 解放 liberate; free from chains.
          titter      N. 神经质的笑 nervous laugh.
          totter      V. 摇摆；摇摇欲坠 move unsteadily; sway, as if about to fall.
       beleaguer      V. 攻击；使烦恼 besiege or attack; harassed.
         cadaver      N. 尸体 corpse.
           sever      V. 切断 cut; separate.
          quiver      N. 射箭的 case for arrows.
          quiver      V. 振动的；颤抖的；敏捷的 tremble; shake.
      gloss over      V. 掩盖 explain away.
           hover      V. 逗留；盘旋；等待 hang about; wait nearby.
          glower      V. 瞪着，愤怒的看着 scowl.
           flair      N. 才能 talent.
        debonair    ADJ. 温文尔雅；友好；殷勤 friendly; aiming to please.
          impair      V. 伤害 injure; hurt.
           nadir      N. 谷底，最低点；天底 lowest point.
          elixir      N. 包治百病，万能药 cure-all; something invigorating.
         belabor      V. 嘴贫，过度的说；谩骂 explain or go over excessively or to a ridiculous degree; attack verbally.
          harbor      V. 庇护；隐藏 provide a refuge for; hide.
          succor      V. 救援；援助 aid; assist; comfort.
          rancor      N. 苦难 bitterness; hatred.
          candor      N. 开诚布公；坦率 frankness; open honesty.
          vendor      N. 卖主 seller.
           rigor      N. 严格，苛刻；精确 severity.
           vigor      N. 活力 active strength.
         clangor      N. 大声喧哗；持续的铿锵声 loud, resounding noise.
           abhor      V. 憎恨 detest; hate.
          anchor      V. 固定；锚 secure or fasten firmly; be fixed in place.
        metaphor      N. 隐喻 implied comparison.
        ulterior    ADJ. 将来的；隐蔽的 situated beyond; unstated.
         squalor      N. 肮脏；悲惨；贫穷 filth; degradation; dirty, neglected state.
           valor      N. 英勇；勇猛 bravery.
          clamor      N. 吵闹声；噪音 noise.
          tremor      N. 振动的 trembling; slight quiver.
        demeanor      N. 风度；行为 behavior; bearing.
     misdemeanor      N. 轻罪 minor crime.
          torpor      N. 迟钝；麻木；不活泼 lethargy; sluggishness; dormancy.
          stupor      N. 冷漠；漠不关心 state of apathy; daze; lack of awareness.
           furor      N. 非常激动 frenzy; great excitement.
          censor      N. 审查 overseer of morals; person who reads to eliminate inappropriate remarks.
       precursor      N. 领跑者，先驱 forerunner.
     predecessor      N. 前任；前辈 former occupant of a post.
       aggressor      N. 攻击者 attacker.
        predator      N. 捕食者 creature that seizes and devours another animal; person who robs or exploits others.
       liberator      N. 解放者 one who sets free.
          orator      N. 演讲者 public speaker.
      arbitrator      N. 仲裁者 judge.
         curator      N. 主管；经理 superintendent; manager.
      malefactor      N. 犯罪分子 evildoer; criminal.
      benefactor      N. 恩人，赞助人 gift giver; patron.
      progenitor      N. 祖先 ancestor.
      inquisitor      N. 调查者；盘问者 questioner (especially harsh); investigator.
          mentor      N. 门特；顾问；导师 teacher.
        impostor      N. 冒充者；冒名顶替的人 someone who assumes a false identity.
         languor      N. 衰弱，萧条 lassitude; depression.
           savor      V. 有滋有味儿的；享受这种滋味 enjoy; have a distinctive flavor, smell, or quality.
          fervor      N. 热情；激情 glowing ardor; intensity of feeling.
        purveyor      N. 承办商 furnisher of foodstuffs; caterer.
           incur      V. 招致 bring upon oneself.
        grandeur      N. 庄严，伟大，威严 impressiveness; stateliness; majesty.
    entrepreneur      N. 商人，企业家，承包人 businessman; contractor.
          poseur      N. 装模作样的人；邯郸学步 person who pretends to be sophisticated, elegant, etc.
       raconteur      N. 善谈的人；满肚子故事的人 storyteller.
        saboteur      N. 破坏分子；怠工者 one who commits sabotage; destroyer of property.
          voyeur      N. 偷窥者 Peeping Tom.
            slur      V. 模糊不清的说 speak indistinctly; mumble.
            slur      N. 诽谤；侮辱 insult to one's character or reputation; slander.
           demur      V. 反对；犹豫 object (because of doubts, scruples); hesitate.
          zephyr      N. 和风；徐风 gentle breeze; west wind.
          martyr      N. 殉道者；殉教者；烈士  one who voluntarily suffers death for his or her religion or cause; great sufferer.